The Dnp Essay - 724 Words

Statement of Purpose Doctor of Nursing Practice Essay Luisa Walsh 2/18/2013 In today’s healthcare system, nursing is a challenging field as a result of rapid technological advances and changes in healthcare policies. As a dedicated nursing professional, with a great passion for learning, I strive to stay on top of these changes. I am determined to increase my knowledge to be an instrumental part of providing quality healthcare. The demands of nursing are high; however the rewards are even higher. Nursing requires both a supreme understanding of the science of health, and a caring bedside manner befitting only those who seek a position of such a personal involvement in the well-being of a patient. Academically, I will put forth all of†¦show more content†¦In addition, a DNP degree will help me better serve my community by advocating for quality and safety healthcare system. Once attained, I would seek employment at either a school or university with the mission of educating nursing students to practice the highest quality of patient care. One of the major issues facing the nursing profession today is the lack of advance nursing practices. The medical field is in crisis. Doctors are stretched to the limits, and patients are demanding more advanced care. To alleviate some of the concerns facing medicine in the 21st century, advance nursing practices is a vital area in the contribution of understanding and working within the bounds of a team structure, and the promotion of communication between the interdisciplinary health team. The mission of the advance nursing practice is to help individual patients, and their families, determine and achieve optimum physical, mental and social potential, and to do so within the challenging context of the environment in which they live and work Nurses are among the largest professional care group within the healthcare service industry. We are responsible for providing quality care and assisting patients towards independent and healthy living. Considering the changing working environment, health care practitioners like nurses areShow MoreRelatedThe Argument For The Dnp1975 Words   |  8 PagesThe Argument for the DNP Nurses have been an integral part of health care for years. Many of the nurses people see regularly are Registered nurses or BSN, aka Bachelor of Science nurses that more or less are similar in work load, only separated by amount of education. 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The Size Of Connecticut, El Salvador - 1227 Words

The size of Connecticut, El Salvador is one of Central America’s most densely populated countries and has the highest mortality rate in the world. First conquered by the Spaniards in the early 1500s, El Salvador’s history is filled with tension, violence, and exclusion; the settlers robbed the indigenous people of their land and forced them to slave in the coffee plant fields. Not only were the indigenous people deprived of their land, it was kept in the hands of the elite, creating little to no social mobility and further subjugating native Salvadorans. As discontent and tension increased between the elite and the poor, a massacre occurred on January 22, 1932 that was carried out by the National Guard, killing between 10,000 and 40,000 peasants—most of whom were indigenous people. The slaughter ignited a fire among the Salvadoran people that was fueled by unfulfilled promises of socio-economic parity and agrarian reform. 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Strategy Formulation & Business Decision - Business Plan

Question: Discuss about the Strategy Formulation Business Decision of Business Plan . Answer: 1. Strategic objectives The strategic objectives of the Cambridge collage focuses on the establishment of the high quality education for the students of the Kosovo with the creation of affordable prices. The objectives also determine the strengthening of the services as it becomes the engine for development of the company Cambridge collage. The most important objective of this company is to identify the core competencies of the English Literature and the German Literature. It also helps in the identification of the process thereby it also helps in the differentiating the customers in order to understand the categories of the customers (Fung, n.d.). The implementation of the objectives is also very much crucial for emphasizing results and thereby the company Cambridge collage can be able to differentiate the business with the provision of the clear and the viable alternatives. It also helps in the creation of relationship with the establishment of the relationship oriented business which provides the value t o understand the long-term relationship. The second strategic objective is to provide unique value proposition to the clients with the creation of the international channels. The identification of the channels also helps in the establishment of the customer segments with providing the different forms of the marketing (Galliers and Leidner, 2003). 2. Growth and generic strategies, means of implementation Growth and the generic strategies help in the creation of the competitive advantage with the enhancement of the sustaining superior performance. It generally defines the Porters strategies with the creation of the categories that are the cost leadership, differentiation, cost focus and the differentiation focus. The first two cost leadership and the differentiation helps in the creation of unique desirable products and the services with offering the specialized services to the customers in order to capture the market (Gramlich, 2007). The terms cost focus and the differentiation focus identifies the interpreted meaning in the creation of differentiation. It generally emphasizes the cost-minimization and the interpretation of the strategic differentiation on the focused market. The cost leadership strategies help in identifying the gain and the competitive advantages in order to develop the edge and thereby the sales of the process help in the creation of the cost leadership strategies. The increment of the profits helps in reduction of the costs with charging the average prices. The increment of the market share also helps in lowering the prices with making reasonable profits. The cost leadership helps in minimizing the profits with the cost and thereby delivering products and services appropriately (Kapferer, 2012). The cost leadership strategy involves the leaders in the terms of the cost and henceforth the lowest cost producers undercut the prices. The differentiation strategy helps in the involvement of the product with creation of attractiveness for the competitors. The exact nature of the products and the services depends on the features, functionality, durability, support and the image created by customer value. In order to create success differentiation strategy, appropriate research, development and the innovation are requisite for delivering high quality products and services (Kendrick, 2010). The focus strategy also helps in the creation of concentration on the particular product that the company consists of. It enables to create attention on the unique needs of the customers with producing low cost with the creation of brand loyalty. This helps in the creation of the market segments less attractive for the enhancement of cost leadership qualities. The focus strategy also helps in the creation of the segment with focusing on the broader market for the creation of extra costs in order to make the market available for the increment of differentiation (Morrissey, 2016). The means of implementationimplies the implementation of right generic strategies which underpins the enhancement of the strategic decisions. It provides the ways for the appropriate creation of decision for the implementation of generic strategies with the creation of warning against the decision with the implementation of the advices. These helps in the creation of focus on the people and thereby the requirement of the special approach helps in the creation of demands and thereby the approach seems to be high creative approach (Polo and Weber, 2010). The generic strategies help in the creation of the strengths and the competencies to face the market and thereby the organization seemed to be in the path of the development. The reduction and the appropriate management of the supplier power helps in the creation of the management of the buyer and the customer power. Henceforth it makes the organization in the creation of customer care with offering the unique features and henceforth t he value helps in the involvement of the cost differentiation ways that benefits the organization Cambridge collage. It also helps in the appropriate creation of customer experience mapping for the organization Cambridge collage. Henceforth this strategy helps in the up liftmen of the organization Cambridge collage (Proctor, 2014). 3. Production/Operations - Explain how you intend to run your business. The main aim of Cambridge College is to increase revenues and efficiency by developing its education quality and services. Teachers and other staff should be provided with appropriate training, knowledge and skills. The students should be provided with adequate facilities and education. The development of infrastructure and financial plans will also help to develop the college. 4. Human resources Human resource is considered to be one of the major aspects in the business plan model. Human resource is considered to play vital role as it help to recruit or select the right candidate for the right job at the right time at the right place. The human resource is considered to be one of the major role player in the new business with core competencies which include providing service related to the educational sector. Recruiting right professor with high skilled expertise will uplift the morale of the new business and provide positive enthusiasm for the company to get the institute at the top (Neil, 2012). Human resource in the educational sector is considered to be playing a major role in the overall administration. Administration is considered to be playing a major role in determining and analyzing the company overall perspective related to analyzing and determining the key role in overall management of the work procedure and analysis. Understanding HR Human Resource is about overseeing representatives and their prosperity. Making arrangements for HR hence requires that team or personnel, as the little entrepreneur, match representatives with the occupation capacities that best meet their aptitudes and interests. As your business develops and transforms, you will find that you will need a supply of worker hopefuls lined up to fill essential positions in the association (Mamoria and Gankar, 2009). Effective associations can oversee HR as a feature of the business' general methodology arrangement. At the end of the day, you can enroll representatives that help you meet the business' objectives. Determining Demand An imperative piece of getting ready for HR is anticipating request. This arrives in various structures: to begin with, it will need to have some thought of where the business is going with its deals and income. Do you hope to offer 25 percent more this coming quarter than last. Provided that this is true, you will likely need to go up against new staff to take care of this demand. The fact of the matter is that the monetary accomplishment of your business is personally fixing to its HR arranging (Liao, 2009). In the event that you don't have enough representatives, you can't take care of demand, and not taking care of demand means you dismiss generally upbeat clients. Being Proactive Each little entrepreneur wells to receive a straightforward mantra: "I am proactive!" While this may sound a bit excessively exclusive for you, the thought is basic: in the event that you keep a heads-up of what's happening in your business, you can all the more adequately make a pipeline of representatives prepared, willing and ready to help your association develop and meet its objectives (Joshi, Liao and Martocchio, 2011). Your eagerness will be infective. As your representatives see you amped up for the eventual fate of the business and about bringing crisp ability on-board, they too will get to be amped up for helping you meet the business' objectives, in this way expanding your money related primary concern. Discovering Balance The way to compelling HR arranging is finding a harmony between successful workers and productive administration. All organizations rhythmic movement, you'll have minutes where business is blasting and workers will be to a great degree caught up with adapting to deals, client request, or advertising matters. At different times, it will discover the business is somewhat moderate and maybe workers aren't as occupied as they once were. Keen entrepreneurs can deal with this by keeping side-ventures for their representatives to take part in when the primary business is moderate. Approach workers for their info. Do they have thoughts for new items or administrations? The downtime in the business cycle is a flawless time for these new thoughts to be investigated. It keeps your representatives drew in and permits the business to in any case be gainful without relinquishing administration (Ivanovic and Collin, 2006). On the basis of the HR and recruit managing by human resource manager helps to grow the company more and prosper effectively. 5. Risks - Describe the risks and develop your risk management ideas The risks that are analyzed helps in the summarization of the risks that are involved with the mapping. The risks are categorized into various types that are the financial, human resources, information technology, risks and the safety and the academic affairs. The involvement of these risks signifies various threats that an organization faces in the environment of the organization (Silva, 2015). These risks provide the barriers to the organization in the way of the enhancement and the development. The risks can also be categorized into the following that are the accounting, auditing matters, fraudulency, conflict of the interest, unsafe working conditions, data privacy and the confidentiality, environmental safety, public safety and the improper supplier with the malicious usage of the technology. The risk assessment programs are created for the appropriate assessment of the problems and thereby the risks can be mitigated by the risk management with ensuring the participation program. The risk management also helps in the creation of safeguard assets with the preservation of the academic programs. The role of the risk management reducing the cost of mitigation of the risks with the association of the accidental losses and henceforth the financing of the losses are seemed to be expected with the appropriate mitigation of the risks with the liability of the claims and the litigations (The Applicability of Porter?s Generic Strategies in the Digital Age: Assumptions, Conjectures, and Suggestions, 2004) . The employment related injuries helps in the creation of the theft and the other causes helps in administering the employment programs and henceforth the analysis helps in the appropriate mitigation of the programs for the expectation of the future process for the organisation in a secure manner. The performance of the risk assessment and the analysis helps in the creation of the procedures with the ensuring the agreement for the claiming of the insurances (Silva, 2015). Thus the training programs also help in the creation of the programs and the procedures for the insurance programs. 6. Financials - Provide information about the funding requirements. Make projections of the Income Statement for at least 3 years Financial projection helps to provide financial position of the company in the market. Financial projection help to determine the cash inflow and cash outflow and thus helps to determine and analyze the budget and other key financial facts and figure related to the overall growth of the company. Financial projection includes the income statement and balance sheet along with that cash flow statement of the company is also considered to determine the overall growth and key figure from the company overall success and growth in the new business model (Armstrong and Armstrong, 2009). Determining and formulating a new business model financial part plays a vital role. Financial projection helps to provide a clear and precise idea about the company key facts related to the financial aspect. Financial indicator Break even analysis Break even analysis helps to calculate and examine the margin of safety of an organization on the basis of revenues and costs associated with the operations. It is used to determine the revenues of an organization. The breakeven analysis of Cambridge College shows monthly revenue, average percent variable cost and estimated monthly fixed cost. General assumptions have also been taken to calculate the breakeven analysis (Barrow, Barrow and Brown, 2012). BREAK-EVEN ANALYSIS Monthly Revenue Break-even $133,362 Assumptions: Average Percent Variable Cost 56% Estimated Monthly Fixed Cost $58,648 GENERAL ASSUMPTIONS YEAR 1 YEAR 2 YEAR 3 Plan Month 1 2 3 Current Interest Rate 9.00% 9.00% 9.00% Long-term Interest Rate 5.00% 5.00% 5.00% Tax Rate 27.00% 27.00% 27.00% Other 0 0 0 Start up funding The required start up funding is calculated of Cambridge College which shows assets, capital, liabilities and required cash amount. It will help to determine and evaluate the amount of capital required for investment in the initial period of the college (Ciccone and Papaioannou, 2006). START-UP FUNDING Start-up Expenses to Fund $57,685 Start-up Assets to Fund $157,315 TOTAL FUNDING REQUIRED $215,000 Assets Non-cash Assets from Start-up $155,000 Cash Requirements from Start-up $2,315 Additional Cash Raised $0 Cash Balance on Starting Date $2,315 TOTAL ASSETS $157,315 Liabilities and Capital Liabilities Current Borrowing $5,000 Long-term Liabilities $0 Accounts Payable (Outstanding Bills) $0 Other Current Liabilities (interest-free) $0 TOTAL LIABILITIES $5,000 Capital Planned Investment Gerald Owens $50,000 Andrea Powers $5,000 Kelley Mitchell $2,500 Allison Elliott $2,500 Additional Investment Requested $150,000 Additional Investment Requirement $0 TOTAL PLANNED INVESTMENT $210,000 Loss at Start-up (Start-up Expenses) ($57,685) TOTAL CAPITAL $152,315 TOTAL CAPITAL AND LIABILITIES $157,315 Total Funding $215,000 Sales forecasting is considered as one of the most important marketing tool that helps to sales and developing sales plans on the basis of forecasting. It will help to avoid unforeseen flow of cash and managing financing and staff needs effectively. It will help to examine the profit ability as well as efficiency of an organization (Creating a business plan, 2007). The forecasting of sales is important for Cambridge college to track the revenues earned by the college. SALES FORECAST YEAR 1 YEAR 2 YEAR 3 Sales Textbook Exchange $741,000 $963,300 $1,252,290 Bachelor course $596,000 $774,800 $1,007,240 Masters Course $291,000 $378,300 $491,790 Administration $206,000 $267,800 $348,140 Advertisement $278,500 $362,050 $470,665 TOTAL SALES $2,112,500 $2,746,250 $3,570,125 Direct Cost of Sales Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Textbook Exchange $391,000 $430,100 $473,110 Classifieds $258,000 $283,800 $312,180 Auction $170,500 $187,550 $206,305 Retail $193,500 $212,850 $234,135 Advertisement $170,500 $187,550 $206,305 Subtotal Direct Cost of Sales $1,183,500 $1,301,850 $1,432,035 Graphical Representation Project profit and loss The projection of profit or loss will help to determine and evaluate the profitability of an organization. The projection of profit or loss will help to determine the profitability of Cambridge College. The gross margin shows the difference between the cost of sold goods and revenues. The profit margin has been forecasted for each months and three years (Elliott and Elliott, 2008). Gross margin Profit monthly Profit Yearly Gross margin monthly Income statement Income statement shows the expenses, revenues, profit or loss of a company. It helps to determine and evaluate the ability of a company to generate revenues and profitability for their stakeholders. The expenses, net profit, revenues and cost can be determined with the help of income statement. Net profit for three years has been determined and examined in order to evaluate the future development of Cambridge College. Income statement helps to determine the financial performance of an organization (Holton, 2012). YEAR 1 YEAR 2 YEAR 3 Sales $,112,50 $,746,20 $3,70,125 Direct Cost of Sales $,183,50 $,301,80 $1,32,035 Other Costs of Goods $0 $0 $0 TOTAL COST OF SALES $1,183,500 $1,301,850 $1,432,035 Gross Margin $929,000 $1,444,400 $2,138,090 Gross Margin % 43.98% 52.60% 59.89% Expenses Payroll $411,000 $445,000 $510,000 Sales and Marketing and Other Expenses $0 $0 $0 Depreciation $0 $0 $0 Web Hosting $720 $1,000 $1,250 Utilities $1,200 $1,500 $2,000 Website Enhancement Projects $225,000 $200,000 $200,000 Insurance $1,200 $15,000 $17,500 Payroll Taxes $59,850 $64,650 $74,250 Other General and Administrative Expenses $4,800 $7,500 $10,000 Total Operating Expenses $703,770 $734,650 $815,000 Profit Before Interest and Taxes $225,230 $709,750 $1,323,090 EBITDA $225,230 $709,750 $1,323,090 Interest Expense $275 $63 $0 Taxes Incurred $60,738 $191,615 $357,234 Net Profit $164,218 $518,072 $965,856 Net Profit/Sales 7.77% 18.86% 27.05% Graphical Representation Project cash flow The cash flow projection will help to examine the inflow and outflow of cash for three years. It will help to project the flow of cash of Cambridge College for three years. The net cash flow has been shown in the cash flow statement. Cash flow statement helps to determine the financial performance of an organization (Kieso, Weygandt and Warfield, 2007). YEAR 1 YEAR 2 YEAR 3 Cash Received Cash from Operations Cash Sales $2,112,500 $2,746,250 $3,570,125 SUBTOTAL CASH FROM OPERATIONS $2,112,500 $2,746,250 $3,570,125 Additional Cash Received Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Received $0 $0 $0 New Current Borrowing $0 $0 $0 New Other Liabilities (interest-free) $0 $0 $0 New Long-term Liabilities $0 $0 $0 Sales of Other Current Assets $0 $0 $0 Sales of Long-term Assets $0 $0 $0 New Investment Received $150,000 $0 $0 SUBTOTAL CASH RECEIVED $2,262,500 $2,746,250 $3,570,125 Expenditures Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Expenditures from Operations Cash Spending $411,000 $445,000 $510,000 Bill Payments $1,290,342 $1,883,557 $2,068,700 SUBTOTAL SPENT ON OPERATIONS $1,701,342 $2,328,557 $2,578,700 Additional Cash Spent Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Paid Out $0 $0 $0 Principal Repayment of Current Borrowing $3,600 $1,400 $0 Other Liabilities Principal Repayment $0 $0 $0 Long-term Liabilities Principal Repayment $0 $0 $0 Purchase Other Current Assets $0 $0 $0 Purchase Long-term Assets $0 $0 $0 Dividends $0 $0 $0 SUBTOTAL CASH SPENT $1,704,942 $2,329,957 $2,578,700 Net Cash Flow $557,558 $416,293 $991,425 Cash Balance $559,873 $976,167 $1,967,591 Pro Balance Sheet Balance sheet shows assets and liabilities of an organization. Balance sheet shows the financial position of Cambridge College. Assets, current assets, liabilities and current liabilities have been shown in the balance sheet for three years. It shows the financial position of the college (Spiceland, Sepe and Nelson, 2011). PRO FORMA BALANCE SHEET YEAR 1 YEAR 2 YEAR 3 Assets Current Assets Cash $559,873 $976,167 $1,967,591 Other Current Assets $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS $564,873 $981,167 $1,972,591 Long-term Assets Long-term Assets $150,000 $150,000 $150,000 Accumulated Depreciation $0 $0 $0 TOTAL LONG-TERM ASSETS $150,000 $150,000 $150,000 TOTAL ASSETS $714,873 $1,131,167 $2,122,591 Liabilities and Capital Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Current Liabilities Accounts Payable $246,941 $146,563 $172,132 Current Borrowing $1,400 $0 $0 Other Current Liabilities $0 $0 $0 SUBTOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES $248,341 $146,563 $172,132 Long-term Liabilities $0 $0 $0 TOTAL LIABILITIES $248,341 $146,563 $172,132 Paid-in Capital $360,000 $360,000 $360,000 Retained Earnings ($57,685) $106,533 $624,604 Earnings $164,218 $518,072 $965,856 TOTAL CAPITAL $466,533 $984,604 $1,950,460 TOTAL LIABILITIES AND CAPITAL $714,873 $1,131,167 $2,122,591 Net Worth $466,533 $984,604 $1,950,460 Graphical Interpretation Exit Strategies - Describe exit strategies for prospective investors. The projection of financial plans indicates that the Cambridge College will be able to generate enough cash and profits in next three years to allow the exit of outside investors and shareholders. However, it is the choice of the founder to continue with the profitable operations of the organization till the Cambridge College is presented with viable offers for the acquisition (Pinson, 2008). References Armstrong, M. and Armstrong, M. (2009).Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. London: Kogan Page. Armstrong, M. and Armstrong, M. (2011).Armstrong's handbook of strategic human resource management. London: Kogan Page. Barrow, C., Barrow, P. and Brown, R. (2012).The business plan workbook. London: Kogan Page. Ciccone, A. and Papaioannou, E. (2006).Adjustment to target capital, fiance and growth. London: Centre for Economic Policy Research. Creating a business plan. (2007). Boston, Mass.: Harvard Business School Pub. Elliott, B. and Elliott, J. (2008).Financial accounting and reporting. Harlow: Financial Times Prentice Hall. Holton, R. (2012).Global finance. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. Ivanovic, A. and Collin, P. (2006).Dictionary of human resources and personnel management. London: A C Black. Joshi, A., Liao, H. and Martocchio, J. (2011).Research in personnel and human resources management. Bingley, U.K.: Emerald. Kieso, D., Weygandt, J. and Warfield, T. (2007).Intermediate accounting. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Liao, H. (2009).Research in personnel and human resources management. Bingley: Emerald/Jai. Mamoria, C. and Gankar, S. (2009).A textbook of human resource management. Mumbai [India]: Himalaya Pub. House. Neil, G. (2012).HR. Reno, NV: Priorities Intact Pub. Pinson, L. (2008).Anatomy of a business plan. Tustin, CA: Out of Your Mind and Into the Marketplace. Spiceland, J., Sepe, J. and Nelson, M. (2011).Intermediate accounting. New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin. Stittle, J. and Wearing, B. (2008).Financial accounting. Los Angeles: SAGE Publications. Wolf, M. (2008).Fixing global finance. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press. Fung, H. (n.d.). The Relationships Among Porter Five Forces, Generic Strategies, Ansoff Growth Strategies Strategy Methods in an IT Industry A Conceptual Paper.SSRN Electronic Journal. Galliers, R. and Leidner, D. (2003).Strategic information management. Amsterdam: Elsevier/Butterworth-Heinemann. Gramlich, E. (2007).Subprime mortgages. Washington, D.C.: Urban Institute Press. Kapferer, J. (2012).The new strategic brand management. London: Kogan Page. Kendrick, R. (2010).Cyber Risks for Business Professionals. Ely: IT Governance Pub. Morrissey, C. (2016). Use of risk assessment tools for people with intellectual disability: The latest evidence.European Psychiatry, 33, p.S38. Polo, E. and Weber, W. (2010). Competitive Generic Strategies Evolution and the Importance of Michael E. Porter.REGE, 17(1), pp.99-117. Proctor, T. (2014).Strategic Marketing. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis. Silva, E. (2015). Risk-Sharing Programs.Journal of the American College of Radiology, 12(3), p.220. The Applicability of Porter?s Generic Strategies in the Digital Age: Assumptions, Conjectures, and Suggestions. (2004).Journal of Management, 30(5), pp.569-589.

Explain Factors Influencing Ageing free essay sample

Therefore this could lead Andy to feel lonely and not wanted in society itself. Cumming and Henry argued that this was a consequence of people learning their limitations with age and making way for new generations of people to fill their roles. However, the study of aging and society, disengagement theory is controversial, and many people do not agree with it. Critics point out that often this disengagement is enforced, rather than voluntary; if the older adult needed to move to a care home, for example, they needs social circle, as their friends may not be able to visit, and may start to die, leaving them with fewer connections. However, if they didn’t need to move to a care home they may retire their job and then they may feel as though they can’t spend time with their ‘work friends’ because they has left and then they may start to feel lonely and loose their self-confidence which will cause their social circles to shrink as they start to pull away and be less actively involved, leaving the older adult to grow more and more fragile as their ages. We will write a custom essay sample on Explain Factors Influencing Ageing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page * Activity theory In 1963 Having Hurst argues that older people need to stay active and integrated in society so that the whole society functions well, he also argues that in order that older people have a positive attitude and well-being that they should refuse limitations place upon them for example, retirement. So basically, Having Hurst is suggesting that when Andy is to get older he should stay active and still go out with his friends and amily, so he has a healthy lifestyle and doesn’t feel alone, if they were main to retire they could feel as though that they doesn’t have any friends anymore and they may stay in the care home at all the time so that they won’t be doing hardly any physical activity throughout the day. However, others argue that society prevents other people for maintaining major activity in older age which keeps them independent. For example, if the older person was to go to a care home when he or she is incapable to look after themselves in the health care settings encourage the activity theory by ensuring the services user(s) have activities to keep them motivated and interested in others around them throughout the day. * Genetically programmed theory The Program Theory has a theme of a biological clock or life pacemaker for each person. In order to affect this process of aging throughout the organism, the pacemaker tissue or organ must have a widespread interaction with all organ systems. In 1992 Kola demonstrated that genetic programming can evolve an agent that that took in to account multiple sub-goals. Aging, though it is usually defined as a biological process, it is also the gathered development of change with time. Aging is a continuous, complex and dynamic process that begins even before birth and ends with death. Unless death occurs at an early age, all humans grow old and experience the effects of the aging process. The process of aging does not proceed at a uniform rate. Before a person is born, aging has already begun. As humans age their bodies change in many ways that affect them physically, mentally; which is usually referred to as psychological aging and their environments which is referred to as social aging. These changes occur little by little and progress inevitably over time. It is impossible to escape aging even though it can be forestalled in many different ways, whether they are good or bad. Some ways to forestall aging are: frequent medical check-ups to ensure one is living healthy which is good, and some people have plastic surgery to help keep them looking youthful which usually has a bad outcome in the long run. Makeup, steroids and other chemical are also age forestallers. Most changes when aging are not fully apparent until fifty (50) years of age, as they are not obvious. The outcome of aging can vary from person to person or society to society. Aging also depends heavily on genetic and environmental factors. The AGS for Health in Aging. The Aging Process 28 February 2005: 17 pars. 29 February 2012 lt; http://www. healthinaging. org/agingintheknow/chapters_ch_trial. asp? ch=1gt; http://faculty. hampshire. edu/lspector/robinson-div3. d In conclusion, Aging is unavoidable! It is a process that everyone goes through from the time of conception. Although there is more interest on the physical aspects of aging, remember the psychological and social features. Remember that the ability to learn and adjust continues throughout life and is strongly influenced by both past and future activities, interest and motivation for life itself. With years of rich experience and reflection, everyone can rise above all circumstances. â€Å"Old age† is just a phrase. Despite the physical limitation and challenges, it can be a time of variety, creativity and fulfilment. P2 explain factors influencing ageing P3 explain ways in which health and social care workers support the independence and wellbeing of older people. M1 compare two theories of ageing M2 assess ways in which health and social care workers support the independence and wellbeing of older people. D1 evaluate ways in which the sectors work together to support the independence and wellbeing of older people.

He Let Her Go An Essay On free essay sample

He Let Her Go: An Essay On Evelyn Lau Essay, Research Paper He Let Her Go: An essay on Evelyn Lau Evelyn Lau is an writer with which I can place with. Her deficiency of humbleness gives rise to self-awareness. She does non conceal under a mask of sorrow, she merely puts into words how she reacts and feels towards her life? s battles. She does non convey a deep sense of ill will or haughtiness, but simply addresses the struggles through out her life with a graceful, honorable mode. One can see how Evelyn allows herself to allow travel of all suppressions and? secrets? through each of her plants. She can confront her yesteryear, and acknowledge her hurting, unlike most people. Her ability to make this is what gives every individual an individuality they can associate with ; whether it be populating on the streets, get bying with a drug dependence, or? covering? with a dysfunctional household. We will write a custom essay sample on He Let Her Go An Essay On or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Evelyn, unlike most people, can trap indicate her torture. Her male parent was the centre of her existence ( Details 3 ) , ever loving, compassionate and with person she could portion her childhood dreams. However, their relationship ended suddenly while she was merely 10 old ages old. This cut off bond caused her much heartache. She longed for love and fondness, which her female parent could non supply. Evelyn? s self abhoring began while she was a per-adolescent ( Details 2 ) . Her male parents emotional passiveness caused Evelyn to destruct herself physically. She chose her organic structure as her tool of devastation, for she felt, no 1 could command her organic structure, non even her neurotic female parent ( Details 2 ) . I do non believe that Evelyn blames her male parents deficiency of love, on the fact that he lost his occupation ( 2 ) . It seems to me that he lost himself, for he saw his girl as a immature adult female ; non as a kid. This realisation may hold been the ground he faded from her life. He lost touch with Evelyn # 8217 ; s child goon, and couldn? Ts cope with the thought that his small miss was now a flowering immature lady. His selfishness caused her so much angst. She began to believe that her male parent and female parent both disliked her presence, as a portion of their household. ( Details 3 ) . At the age of nine Evelyn began reading Harlequin Romance novels ( Details 4 ) as a manner to vicariously experience love. This? love? enabled her to get away the hour angle rsh world that was her life. However, ? it ruined my thought of male female relationships? ( Details 2 ) Evelyn began to believe that adult females were supposed to be weak, dependent animals. And work forces were supposed to be older, handsome, stronger, ideal couples for the weak adult female. Her impressions of this streered her towards binge-eating syndrome. Her binge-eating syndrome took over her life. It was the one thing she thought she could command, and the one thing she thought she could conceal. But her perfect vision was one where she could go on her weak feminine features ( binge-eating syndrome ) and have a? male parent figure? repair her emotional cicatrixs. Her yearning for love is what drew her to self-mutilation. In a ill sense I can see why she might hold done this. She longed for the male parent she had as a immature miss, to pounce her into his weaponries and caress her incubuss into limbo. As a consequence of small fatherlike love, Evelyn began her hunt for lovers which she classified as the? male parent figure? , like those in the love affair novels, ? I ever had this thing for older work forces # 8230 ; I look for male parent figures all the clip # 8230 ; ? ( Details 2 ) . She openly admits that her hunt for work forces which can love her like a girl is a perverse one, and one which causes many jobs in the relationship ( 2 ) . However, she continues this phantasy, and divulges her true feelings about kids? I hate kids # 8230 ; I can? t imagine acquiring pregnant and holding a kid. I think that would be horrible.. ? ( 1 ) . This quotation mark reveals to me that as a individual Evelyn is selfish. She does non wish to portion her? fatherly? lover with that of a kid, for so both the kid and the female parent would be hold oning for the male parent? s attending. As I read through Evelyn? s works, I have come to the decision that although she is able to articulate her hatred she still has many skeletons in the cupboard. She will non confront her male parent to this twenty-four hours, leting sorrow, guilt, and choler to construct interior of her ( 2 ) . Evelyn had ground to experience suppressed by her parents, but as a lifting star one mustn? t succumb to the thought that one? s yesteryear is fiction in one? s novel. And she has yet to make that pinnacle of apprehension. Detail: An Interview with Author Evelyn Lau By: Oana Avasilichioaei hypertext transfer protocol: /www.vancouverstule.com

State of Matter Definition - Chemistry Glossary

State of Matter Definition - Chemistry Glossary Physics and chemistry both study matter, energy, and interactions between them. From the laws of thermodynamics, scientists know matter can change states and the sum of the matter and energy of a system is constant. When energy is added or removed to matter, it changes state to form a state of matter. A state of matter is defined as one of the ways in which matter can interact with itself to form a homogeneous phase. State of Matter vs Phase of Matter The phrases state of matter and phase of matter are used interchangeably. For the most part, this is fine. Technically a system can contain several phases of the same state of matter. For example, a bar of steel (a solid) may contain ferrite, cementite, and austenite. A mixture of oil and vinegar (a liquid) contains two separate liquid phases. States of Matter In everyday life, four phases of matter exist: solids, liquids, gases, and plasma. However, several other states of matter have been discovered. Some of these other states occur at the boundary between two states of matter where a substance doesnt really display the properties of either state. Others are most exotic. This is a list of some states of matter and their properties: Solid: A solid has a defined shape and volume. Particles within a solid are packed very close together fixed in an ordered arrangement. The arrangement may be sufficiently ordered to form a crystal (e.g., NaCl or table salt crystal, quartz) or the arrangement may be disordered or amorphous (e.g., wax, cotton, window glass). Liquid: A liquid has a defined volume but lacks a defined shape. Particles within a liquid are not packed as close together as in a solid, allowing them to slide against each other. Examples of liquids include water, oil, and alcohol. Gas: A gas lacks either a defined shape or volume. Gas particles are widely separated. Examples of gases include air and the helium in a balloon. Plasma: Like a gas, a plasma lacks a defined shape or volume. However, the particles of a plasma are electrically charged and are separated by vast differences. Examples of plasma include lightning and the aurora. Glass: A glass is an amorphous solid intermediate between a crystalline lattice and a liquid. It is sometimes considered a separate state of matter because it has properties distinct from solids or liquids and because it exists in a metastable state. Superfluid: A superfluid is a second liquid state that occurs near absolute zero. Unlike a normal liquid, a superfluid has zero viscosity. Bose-Einstein Condensate: A Bose-Einstein condensate may be called the fifth state of matter. In a Bose-Einstein condensate the particles of matter stop behaving as individual entities and may be described with a single wavefunction. Fermionic Condensate: Like a Bose-Einstein condensate, particles in a fermionic condensate may be described by one uniform wavefunction. The difference is the condensate is formed by fermions. Because of the Pauli exclusion principle, fermions cant share the same quantum state, but in this case pairs of fermions behave as bosons. Dropleton: This is a quantum fog of electrons and holes that flow much like a liquid. Degenerate Matter: Degenerate matter is actually a collection of exotic states of matter that occur under extremely high pressure (e.g., within the cores of stars or massive planets like Jupiter). The term degenerate derives from the way matter can exist in two states with the same energy, making them interchangeable. Gravitational Singularity: A singularity, like at the center of a black hole, is not a state of matter. However, it bears noting because its an object formed by mass and energy that lacks matter. Phase Changes Between States of Matter Matter can change states when energy is added or removed from the system. Usually, this energy results from changes in pressure or temperature. When matter changes states it undergoes a phase transition or phase change. Sources Goodstein, D. L. (1985). States of Matter. Dover Phoenix. ISBN 978-0-486-49506-4.Murthy, G.; et al. (1997). Superfluids and Supersolids on Frustrated Two-Dimensional Lattices. Physical Review B. 55 (5): 3104. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.55.3104Sutton, A. P. (1993). Electronic Structure of Materials. Oxford Science Publications. pp. 10–12. ISBN 978-0-19-851754-2.Valigra, Lori (June 22, 2005) MIT Physicists Create New Form of Matter. MIT News.Wahab, M.A. (2005). Solid State Physics: Structure and Properties of Materials. Alpha Science. pp. 1–3. ISBN 978-1-84265-218-3.

The Gender Roles Portrayed by Science Fiction Essay

The Gender Roles Portrayed by Science Fiction - Essay Example According to the research "The Gender Roles Portrayed by Science Fiction" findings society visualizes man as having the potential to exercise power and control more than the woman has. Darwin explained that conditions in nature compel men to develop such traits. According to Darwin, women have a relatively small brain capacity compared to men. This explains why the imagination of man can only allow him to create a being that has masculine traits and advanced intelligence. In addition, the last part of the fiction [portrays how Bowman enters into a different form of life. On entering stargate, Bowman displayed a rare sense of courage and did not let fear carry him over to the next world. Bowman plunges into the new world with expectation and excitement. He does not hesitate to gain the new form of energy to control the world. Kubrick portrays the story as Darwin elaborated. He implies that just as Darwin indicated, men have a greater potential of intelligence than women do (121). In h is fiction, he gives men all the chances of discovering the world and excludes the women. The view he projects to society is that technology and scientific advances are masculine adventures. In the first part of the film, Kubrick presents to us Moonwatcher, who is huge and gigantic compared to his tribesmen. Moonwatcher advances slowly as environmental conditions change from ape-like nature to humanity. He is the first human being to experience bravery and a sense of leadership. He discovers how man can use traditional tools to hunt animals for food. He developed emotions within him as time elapses. Kulbrick draws the picture of man having a higher social standing that a woman right from the start. This picture compares positively to Darwin’s theory. Space odyssey projects masculine superiority in science and technology. This view is evident in our society. Interestingly, Kulbrick displays that some women can work together with men in scientific ventures. He brings in women like Elena who travels to the moon with other women. This only makes one point clear that Kulbrick has realized that both men and women can work together to bring about scientific breakthroughs. In a different fiction story, Alien, then director brings out his perspective of gender roles and traits. In his story line, he reverses what society considers the norm. A crew is out to explore the space with the goal of collecting samples of an alien creature.

History Of Britain's Constitution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

History Of Britain's Constitution - Essay Example The biggest powers are held by the prime minister and the cabinet. The queen holds the power to choose the prime minister and has the final say on any laws being introduced. The prime minister heads ceremonial functions and the Commonwealth. Due to the absence of a constitution in Britain, the British people are subjects as opposed to being citizens. Ceremonial dutiesThe prime minister, an appointee of the queen, and the cabinet have a lot of power. The Queen of England performs various ceremonial duties. Being the head of all Commonwealth countries, she opens all meeting she attends. Another ceremonial duty of the monarch is the opening of parliament. The Queen heads the opening of the parliament ceremony that attracts a lot of revenue from tourism.Sovereign GrantThe sovereign grant is a civil list that was developed and passed into law in 2012. The list contains money that the Queen and some of her close relatives are assigned in order to carry out public duties. The sovereign gran t costs each UK citizen up to 56 pounds annually.Royal assentThe royal equality act was given a royal assent in 2010. Previously, daughters did not have equal rights to sons. However, the royal assent to the act ended the old practice of the eldest son taking after the queen and not the eldest sister. ScandalThe royal family has been involved in various scandals. Three of the queen’s children have gotten married and divorced. Their weddings have cost the British people a lot of money in taxes.

Earnest Hemingway's "The Indian camp" Essay

Earnest Hemingway's "The Indian camp" - Essay Example Nick becomes his assistant in the operation. Not long after, the expectant womans husband is discovered dead having slit his throat during the operation. The Indian Camp story reveals the upcoming of Hemingways use of counterpoint and the understated style. He addresses several thematic concerns that affected the people at the time. These are the theme of racism, sexism, masculinity and life and death. The ‘Indian Camp’ remains an important story in the canon of Hemingway to date. Being an initiation camp, the Indian Camp is used in the story to explain the theme life and death. Dr Adams, Nick’s father, exposes his son at a young age to childbirth. In the process, he unintentionally exposes the boy to violent death. Having witnessed the birth and death at the same time, Nick equates birth to death (Dudley 17). Although Nick may not have wanted to watch his father perform the caesarean, his father insists that he should do. Symbolically, he wants to make his son tough and prepare him for initiation into the adult world that was not always smooth. The theme of life and death is a symbolic depiction of the conditions of the Native American camp. There are struggles for life in the camp in which death romped life from people. The coming to birth of a child signifies the continuity of life in the camp (Dudley 18). However, life is lost at the same time when the childs father kills himself by slitting his throat with a sharp blade during the operation. In his story, Hemingway explains the desperate state of a struggle for life and at the same time the irony in a persons depriving his life. It is ironical that an effort is made to make the baby live signifying the value attached to life at the camp while at the same time the father takes his life. Fear of death is implicated in Nick’s fear for the death when thoughts of death in the forest a night before the operation overwhelm him. The themes of racism and sexism in the story are depicted in the

Analyze The Avon Product Inc

Analyze The Avon Product Inc The report has been designed to analyse the Avon Product Inc that has been undergone by major strategic change. Furthermore this report has been divided into two parts, first part of the report will explain the organisation back ground and the strategic change that has been adopted, further second part of the report will discuss the influence of external environmental forces, how they affect on the organisation performance. Avon Vision Statement : To be the company that best understands and satisfies the product service and self-fulfillment needs of women globally Organisation Background Avon is the largest seller, marketer and manufacturer of beauty related products around the world. Avon generates 98% of its revenue from cosmetics products. The company markets to women in more than 110 countries through more than Five millions independent sale representatives. Products categories are for instance skincare, fragrances, cosmetics, toiletries and also jewellery, watches, home products candles and toys. Moreover, 98% of the company sales are generated via direct sales. This sales approach had also been successful in the Asian and Latin America market. However, could not be for the American market. Strategic change According to Lynch (2006), define Strategic change is the pro-active management of change in organisations to achieve clearly identified strategic objectives. It may be undertaken using either prescriptive or emergent strategic approaches. Avons strategic change According to Johnson (2008) define in orders to diagnose the strategic change within organisation, it is important to consider the type of change that is required and also identify the type of change that has been adopted For over the last 124 years, being a global manufacturer and marketer of beauty related products, Avon has been adopted several changes and devoted to empower women by helping them to look beautiful. Avon major strategic changes are: Avon has invested the millions on research development to bring the innovative products and also focused on the increases advertisement for the sustainability of brand competitiveness. Avon eliminated the layers of Hierarchal management and redesigned the organisational structure to take the full advantage of Global sale Avon helped million of women across the world to build a better future for instance, provide the opportunities to become, entrepreneurs, representative or their own business owner. www.avon.com Organisational structure According to Carnall, (2007) ideal organisational structure is based on the right balance of information, resources and power to support the organisation objective. On geographically Avon operates business in six regions and has sales operation in 63 countries also products are distributed more than 52 countries in the world. Primarily Avon conducts business through direct selling and marketing by millions of Avon independent representative. Generally distributor purchased products directly from Avon on discounted price also Avon provide an opportunity to their representative to manage their business online including two way communication with Avon. Moreover in some countries for instance in USA, representatives can build their own web page for the sales of Avon Products. ORGANISATIONAL CULTURE According to Cameron, (2004), if current organisational culture does not support to achieve the organisation objectives or goals then organisation should involves themselves to change organisational cultural in order to achieve the organisational goals. However, since 1866 Avon organisational cultural is the most recognisable and considered the pioneered to sell the cosmetics products via using direct selling model and continue to maintain the same sales model since its foundation. Furthermore, 98% of revenue of the cosmetics product which is 6 billion dollar is come from direct selling model which impressed the other cosmetic companies to follow the direct sale model. Appendix 3 illustrates Avons organizational culture by using the cultural web model from Johnson and Scholes (2005). Stakeholder analysis According to Spicker (2008) state the stakeholder analysis will explain, how external and internal stakeholder influence on the organisation, and whats there needs and expectations, also what organisation need from each of them. Stakeholder analysis for Avon Stakeholder Interest Power Attitude Expectations/Needs Government Worldwide High High Mixed The acceptation to meet the all local, national and environmental laws of the country where they operate. Shareholders High High Positive Always take interest on maximization of shares value and dividend. Customers High Low Positive Take active interest in products and appearance. Communities Low Low Mixed Take interest in the respect of using natural resources, environmental issues and minimization of recycling and reuse practices. Suppliers Low Low Neutral Surety of contracts and payment. Take interest to add value to produce the products. Media Medium Medium Negative Always take interest to publish negative factors regarding harmful ingredients of cosmetics products. Executive team High High Positive Need to appreciate the whole organisation effort and give reward and reorganize the effort of representatives and employees worldwide. Employees High Low Positive Expect to achieve financial need and economical independence and support their happiness. The key environmental influences The PEST framework categories environmental influences into four main types: political, economic, social, technological. Political factors Avons products Inc business ranges cover many countries and it offers approaches to women who work in those countries to attained financial independence and good performance. In some countries, this move is regard as a way to advance the economic growth and create personal wealth. However, owing to the political differences among countries, it causes different influences on Avons corporate strategy. For instance, there is a Data Protection Act within the European Union which is aimed at protecting the privacy and safety of personal information. Different implementation dynamics of this policy in Europe countries will have different effects on Avons representatives calling door to door. Economic factors The key dominant factors that influence on customers for buying Avon products are their economical condition, inflation and interest rates. Simultaneously, Avon is also affected by currency fluctuations rates. Avon has employed about 5.3 million representatives and this leads to the free and actively cosmetics market to sell and buy Avons products. Social factors Consumers preferences and buying powers has changed by time to time and they are related to the local culture and personal working conditions. Countries in different climates and environmental circumstances would commend different cosmetic products for their citizens and this is a big concern for Avon to reach the goal that not only value and contain the similarities among different customers but also respect and create the differences of their needs. The top objective of Avon is to serve women all over the world with its products to reach their identical aspiration look their best at all places at all time. Technological factors The revolution and innovation of technology can influence the behavior of peoples. In the process of researching and product developing, cosmetic industry always put new products into a position of consequence. Avons strategy is to enhance the brand competitiveness through investing millions on the research and development of its products and increasing the advertisement of its products on media. . Managing change According to Mullins (2010) External environment can affect the organisational performance and organisation effective performance will depends on the interaction of its external environment. SWOT analysis Strength Avon products are sold in 110 countries around the world by five millions representatives. The products are sold in comparatively moderate prices. Additionally, features of personalization in customer service, creation in products design and satisfaction guarantee are the key factors which provide Avon a competitive advantage among the cosmetic industry. Furthermore Avon uses variety of electronic order systems to help representatives to increase the accuracy of business process and efficient business operations. The cost-effective sales strategies and the diversity of business model give Avon the ability to be the superior in cosmetic market. -Revenue growth stable From the companys record, it shows there was a stable and forceful growth in recent years which successful outstripped its key competitors. Avons revenue grew at a compounded annual growth rate (GAGR) of 10% during FY2006-2008 and this result a stable operation of the company. Dominant position provides more opportunities to attract new consumers Avon is one of four top brand leaders in cosmetic industry with brand value about $5,264 million in the top 100 global customer companies. The pioneered anti-aging skincare and perfume category induced Avon with wide business presence and leading position to attract new Opportunities Weakness Declining North American operation The declining trend of Avons North America business has slowed down in FY2008, but compared with FY2007, the total revenue of North America has still decreased 4.9 %, and Avons North America operation has contributed 23.3% to the total revenue of the company at last. Obviously, the top line was affected by the weak performance of this geographic segment. Opportunity Emerging markets The importance of emerging market such as Brazil with an annual growth of 20%, china which has valued approx $10,200 million with the enormous increase of population in future and the sudden growth of economy will offer a huge potential market for cosmetic industry .Furthermore The increasingly fierce competitions among cosmetic market, in order to capture the Brazilian market Avon has announced its plan to build the new distribution centre in brazil. Threats, In order to achieve the global recommendation in cosmetics business and gain the market share from emerging market, Avon has faced strong competition from its competitors for instance, LOreal, Unilever and Estee Lauder, Revlon and Procter Gamble. Conclusion This report offers an attempt to understand the major strategic change undergone by Avon Cosmetics Limited. Furthermore, report evaluated the effectiveness of the change in relation to Avons structure, culture. Being a global manufacturer and marketer of beauty and related products and a direct selling organisation, Avon was faced with several challenges in the external environment. The factors were: fierce competitions from multinational companies, consumer behaviour worldwide, government rules and regulations, technological and social background. It was found that the major strategic change does relate to the objectives of the organization and matches the organisations capability, including its structure, culture and politics. . References Cameron, Esther (2004) Making Sense of Change Management, London (UK), Kogan Page Limited Carnall, C A. (2007) Managing Change in Organisations. Harlow (UK), Financial Times Prentice Hall Johnson, G., Scholes, K., and Whittington, R. (2005) Exploring Corporate Strategy. ion. Harlow (UK): Financial Times Prentice Hall Johnson, Gerry (2008) Exploring Corporate Strategy, Harlow (UK), Financial Times Prentice Hall Lynch, Richard L (2006), corporate strategy, Harlow, England, FT/Prentice Hall Mullins, Laurie J (2010), Management and Organisational Behaviour, Harlow (UK), Financial Times Prentice Hall Spicker, Paul (2008) Social policy: themes and approaches, Bristol (UK), Financial Times Prentice Hall (2009).Avon Products, Inc. SWOT Analysis, Avon Products, Inc. SWOT Analysis,1. Retrieved from Business Source Premier Database Title: Change Management: A Critical Perspective Author(s): Simon Shurville Journal: International Journal of Managing Projects in Business Year: 2008 Volume: 1 Issue: 3 Start Page: 447

Animals In Our Society Essay -- Marketing Animals

â€Å"Much as we might want to understand animals at a level deeper than pop culture, we can only understand them in terms of our own experiences, language and emotions, and interpreted within our social, historical and cultural contexts. The only way we have of understanding animals is to recognize that ‘when we gaze at animals we hold up a mirror to ourselves’ (Corbett, 176). Animal messages are brought to us by the pop culture industry, whose job it is to create, disseminate, and sell meaning. In most cases, they aren’t selling you a moose, but what a moose means to you for example – the characteristics and qualities that you and most people associate with the species. Based on common meanings presented to us from an early age, animals are the perfect shorthand communication symbol. We use animals as devices, metaphors and symbols for a great deal of our expressions and ideas† (Corbett, 179). For years, animals have been at the center of our world; â€Å"the lives of animals and humans have been inextricably intertwined† (Corbett, 178). Thus, based on the close relationship between animals and humans throughout history, in my opinion animals have been used in all cultures to reflect the nature of humanity, symbolizing societal and individual characteristics. The traits of animals are very simple to observe and recognize, whereas human behavior is more intricate and difficult to describe. Animals are familiar creatures to us, which mutely encourage projection of people’s emotions and attitudes onto them. Animals can be used and as we have learned most recently, they are used to convey deep dimensions of human feelings and ideas. When I think of animals, their representation and their symbolism in our society, I immediately think of ani... ...in this piece, would be to dive into researching the answer to this: the fact that there I think there is something very clever to be said about a corporation that uses an animal to talk to its prospects, but are we really sure what that is? Are we sure what to say about a society that listens, and responds to spokescreatures? Perhaps we find them more credible than spokespersons. Do we? Works Cited Corbett, Julia B. Communicating Nature: How We Create and Understand Environmental Messages. Washington, DC: Island, 2006. Print. 2. "Seven Top Animal Symbols Used By Company Name Generators." EzineArticles Submission - Submit Your Best Quality Original Articles For Massive Exposure, Ezine Publishers Get 25 Free Article Reprints. Web. 05 Dec. 2010. .

Five key different functional activities Essay

Set out the main points of the contribution of five key different functional activities carried out in a selected business organisation towards its strategic aims and objectives. Human Resources Human Resources will be in charge of employing all new staff that the business need. However in order for this to work, Human Resources need to know what kind of staff they need how many. HR will also go through all the applications of the applicants; this will happen so they can narrow the amount of people to be interviewed down. They will narrow it down by seeing if the person can offer what the company requires. For Tesco’s this will be good communication skills, working with others and working alone, this is because Tesco want to know if the employee will be able to offer â€Å"customer service† at the standard of Tesco. If the employees do this then they will be able to achieve their aims and objectives of the business as they are â€Å"to treat all customers how they wanted to be treated† and to â€Å"try harder for customers then anyone else†. Marketing Marketing makes the audience aware that there is a specific product out there. However in order to market the product, the department have to know how much it is going to cost, how much it will roughly cost them, what size, colour and design will take form before marketing the product itself. Marketing will be via Radio, Television, Newspapers, Flyers, and Billboards etc. as these are the main forms of marketing a product. Tesco will Market via television and radio. They will put the adverts on television during times when many audiences would be watching, e.g. during the breaks of a Saturday night show. Tesco would put adverts on radio during rush hour time on the most listened to radio station to get more audiences. However the unique thing about the Tesco adverts is that they will give offers on products. By Tesco showing their products to the public via marketing by means of TV, radio etc. it will encourage people to come to Tesco’s to buy their products; this will consequently lead to more sales and more customer service – this means Tesco have used marketing to get to their overall aims and objectives, which is to â€Å"try harder for customer†. Customer Service For a business to get more customers they will need customer service at the highest quality; this means providing a quick and an effective service. Also customer service will include things such as having in depth knowledge about products and being able to sell them – describing the product(s) and its features well enough will help to get the customer interested. If you have sold the product to a certain customer and they come back saying it doesn’t work then you will have to give a customer service at the highest quality and give them a replacement while you fix theirs; this could mean resolving complaints quicker and effectively. For Tesco they would provide a quick, reliable and effective service to the customers as their mission statement is â€Å"to provide a life long loyalty to their customers†. If a customer brought a product from Tesco e.g. a DVD player and it didn’t work then Tesco will exchange / replace the customers’ product until theirs is fixed, or give them discount on another product that is similar. Tesco also have a 48 hour customer complaint line where by Tesco get back to the customer(s) within 48 hours of receiving the complaint. If they do this they are achieving their aims and objectives because their aims are to â€Å"try harder for customers† and â€Å"treat every customer how they want to be treated†. Finance The finance department has to spend its money wisely; and spend at the right time for the business, e.g. to make an investment. They must also manage the budget of the company to make sure they are not over spending, but spending the right amount all items. They must also make sure they prioritise which functional areas are the most in need of the money in order to move forward. In order for Tesco’s to achieve their aims and objectives finance wise, they must make sure they are keeping track of the money used and to see if they are able to give discounts to their loyal customers. This way they can offer customers discounts on certain items or send them vouchers for certain things – they can only do this by looking into their club card for what kind of items they buy on a regular basis and then give them discount on that. Also the Tesco finance team have been able to dig out some money to buy vans for home delivery. This way customers will be able to get products from the Tesco website and get it delivered to their doorstep, this way Tesco are achieving their aims and objectives because they are trying harder for the customer. Sales The sales team would sell the product(s) on sale. The more sales staff they employ the more chances of selling more products becomes more possible. However it is important to have the opening times longer during the day; (early start, late finish). The sales team may also have a website to sell their products and also give more information to the customers; in most cases internet sales are cheaper then buying them in the store. Tesco have an internet website; however you have to be a member, this way Tesco will get more customers. In Tesco stores that are all â€Å"Tesco Extra†, they will be open for 24 hours a day. They have people in certain areas of the supermarket that specialise in certain things, such as technology and mobile phones and they will have their own departments; where as someone else might be working with another person that specialise in the same thing which may be fruit and veg; and they would have their departments as well. Therefore if customers want something in particular they can go the department area; this way Tesco are able to sell their products to customers easily. Tesco also have many tills and self scanning services to achieve their aims and objectives; this is because customers will come in and be able to shop and take their products home quickly and easily, this way Tesco will be achieving their aims and objectives because they are â€Å"trying harder for customer† by making it easier for them to go certain areas of the supermarket and paying for the item e.g. electronics department / self scanning machines / tills.

Thomas Jefferson and the Embargo Act of 1807

Thomas Jefferson and the Embargo Act of 1807 The Embargo Act of 1807 was an attempt by President Thomas Jefferson and the U.S. Congress to prohibit  American ships from trading in foreign ports. It was intended to punish Britain and France for interfering with American trade while the two major European powers were at war with each other. The embargo was precipitated  primarily by Napoleon Bonapartes 1806 Berlin Decree, which announced that neutral ships carrying British-made goods were subject to seizure by France, thus exposing American ships to attacks by privateers. Then, a year later, sailors from the USS Chesapeake were forced into service  by officers from the British ship HMS Leopard. That was the final straw. Congress passed the Embargo Act in December 1807 and Jefferson signed it into law on December 22, 1807. The president hoped that the act would prevent a war between the United States and Britain. At the same time, Jefferson saw it as a way to keep ships as military resources out of harms way, buy time for the preservation, and signify (after the Chesapeake event) that the U.S. recognized that a war was in the future. Jefferson also saw it as a way to cease non-productive war-profiteering which was undermining the coveted but never achieved goal of American autarky- economic independence from Britain and other economies. Perhaps inevitably, the Embargo Act was also a precursor to the War of 1812. Effects  of the Embargo Economically, the embargo devastated American shipping exports and cost the American economy about 8 percent in decreased gross national product in 1807. With the embargo in place, American exports declined by 75%, and imports declined by 50%- the act did not completely eliminate trade and domestic partners. Before the embargo, exports to the United States reached $108 million. One year later, they were just over $22 million. Yet Britain and France, locked in the Napoleonic Wars, were not greatly damaged by the loss of trade with Americans. So the embargo intended to punish Europes greatest powers instead negatively impacted ordinary Americans. Although the western states in the Union were relatively unaffected, as they had at that point little to trade, other parts of the country were hit hard. Cotton growers in the South lost their British market entirely. Merchants in New England were the hardest hit. In fact, discontent was so widespread there that there was serious talk by local political leaders of seceding from the Union, decades before the  Nullification Crisis  or the  Civil War. Jeffersons Presidency Another result of the embargo was that smuggling increased across the border with Canada, and smuggling by ship also became prevalent. So the law was both ineffective and difficult to enforce. Many of those weaknesses were addressed by a number of amendments and new acts written by Jeffersons Secretary of the Treasury Albert Gallatin (1769–1849), passed by Congress, and signed into law by the president: but the president himself essentially ceased active support on his own after signaling his decision to not seek a third term in office in December 1807. Not only would the embargo taint Jeffersons presidency, making him fairly unpopular by its end, but the economic effects also didnt fully reverse themselves until the end of the War of 1812. End of the Embargo The embargo was repealed by Congress early in 1809, just days before the end of Jeffersons presidency. It was replaced by a less restrictive piece of legislation, the Non-Intercourse Act, which prohibited trade with Britain and France. The newer law was no more successful than the Embargo Act had been, and relations with Britain continued to fray until, three years later, President James Madison obtained a declaration of war from Congress and the War of 1812 began. Sources and Further Reading Frankel, Jeffrey A. The 1807–1809 Embargo against Great Britain. The Journal of Economic History 42.2 (1982): 291–308.Irwin, Douglas A. The Welfare Cost of Autarky: Evidence from the Jeffersonian Trade Embargo, 1807–09. Review of International Economics 13.4 (2005): 631–45.Mannix, Richard. Gallatin, Jefferson, and the Embargo of 1808. Diplomatic History 3.2 (1979): 151–72.Spivak, Burton. Jeffersons English Crisis: Commerce, Embargo, and the Republican Revolution. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1979.

A Burlesque Biography By Mark Twain English Literature Essay Essays

A Burlesque Biography By Mark Twain English Literature Essay Essays A Burlesque Biography By Mark Twain English Literature Essay Paper A Burlesque Biography By Mark Twain English Literature Essay Paper alternatively of Higgins, is a enigma which none of us has of all time felt much desire to stir. It is a sort of vague, reasonably love affair, and we leave it entirely. All the old households do that manner. Arthour Twain was a adult male of considerable note a canvasser on the main road in William Rufus s clip. At about the age of 30 he went to one of those all right old English topographic points of resort called Newgate, to see about something, and neer returned once more. While there he died all of a sudden. Augustus Twain seems to hold made something of a splash about the twelvemonth 1160. He was as full of merriment as he could be, and used to take his old sabre and sharpen it up, and acquire in a convenient topographic point on a dark dark, and stick it through people as they went by, to see them leap. He was a born humourist. But he got to traveling excessively far with it ; and the first clip he was found depriving one of these parties, the governments removed one terminal of him, and put it up on a nice high topographic point on Temple Bar, where it could contemplate the people and have a good clip. He neer liked any state of affairs so much or stuck to it so long. Then for the following two hundred old ages the household tree shows a sequence of soldiers baronial, ebullient chaps, who ever went into conflict vocalizing, right behind the ground forces, and ever went out a-whooping, right in front of it. This is a scathing reproof to old dead Froissart s hapless humor that our household tree neer had but one limb to it, and that that one stuck out at right angles, and bore fruit winter and summer. Early on in the 15th century we have Beau Twain, called the Scholar. He wrote a beautiful, beautiful manus. And he could copy anybody s manus so closely that it was adequate to do a individual laugh his caput off to see it. He had infinite athletics with his endowment. But by and by he took a contract to interrupt rock for a route, and the raggedness of the work spoiled his manus. Still, he enjoyed life all the clip he was in the rock concern, which, with inconsiderable intervals, was some 42 old ages. In fact, he died in harness. During all those long old ages he gave such satisfaction that he neer was through with one contract a hebdomad till the authorities gave him another. He was a perfect pet. And he was ever a favourite with his fellow-artists, and was a conspicuous member of their benevolent secret society, called the Chain Gang. He ever wore his hair short, had a penchant for stripy apparels, and died lamented by the authorities. He was a sensitive loss to his state. For h e was so regular. Some old ages subsequently we have the celebrated John Morgan Twain. He came over to this state with Columbus in 1492 as a rider. He appears to hold been of a crusty, uncomfortable temperament. He complained of the nutrient all the manner over, and was ever endangering to travel ashore unless there was a alteration. He wanted fresh shad. Barely a twenty-four hours passed over his caput that he did non travel tick overing about the ship with his olfactory organ in the air, sneering about the commanding officer, and stating he did non believe Columbus cognize where he was traveling to or had of all time been there earlier. The memorable call of Land Ho! thrilled every bosom in the ship but his. He gazed for a while through a piece of smoke-cured glass at the pencilled line lying on the distant H2O, and so said: Land be hanged it s a raft! When this questionable rider came on board the ship, be brought nil with him but an old newspaper incorporating a hankie marked B. G. , one cotton sock marked L. W. C. , one woolen one marked D. F. , and a night-shirt pronounced O. M. R. And yet during the ocean trip he worried more about his bole, and gave himself more poses about it, than all the remainder of the riders put together. If the ship was down by the caput, and would non maneuver, he would travel and travel his bole farther aft, and so watch the consequence. If the ship was by the after part, he would propose to Columbus to detail some work forces to switch that luggage. In storms he had to be gagged, because his bawlings about his bole made it impossible for the work forces to hear the orders. The adult male does non look to hold been openly charged with any soberly indecent thing, but it is noted in the ship s log as a funny circumstance that albeit he brought his luggage on board the ship in a ne wspaper, he took it ashore in four short pantss, a queensware crate, and a twosome of bubbly baskets. But when he came back insinuating, in an insolent, tittuping manner, that some of this things were losing, and was traveling to seek the other riders luggage, it was excessively much, and they threw him overboard. They watched long and questioningly for him to come up, but non even a bubble rose on the softly ebbing tide. But while every one was most absorbed in staring over the side, and the involvement was momently increasing, it was observed with alarm that the vas was adrift and the anchor-cable hanging hitch from the bow. Then in the ship s dimmed and ancient log we find this quaint note: In clip it was discouvered yt ye troblesome rider hadde gone downe and got ye ground tackle, and toke ye same and solde it to ye dam sauvages from ye inside, stating yt he hadde founde it, ye sonne of a ghun! Yet this ascendant had good and baronial inherent aptitudes, and it is with pride that we call to mind the fact that he was the first white individual who of all time interested himself in the work of promoting and educating our Indians. He built a convenient gaol and set up a gallows, and to his deceasing twenty-four hours he claimed with satisfaction that he had had a more restraining and promoting influence on the Indians than any other reformist that of all time labored among them. At this point the history becomes less blunt and gabby, and stopping points suddenly by stating that the old voyager went to see his gallows execute on the first white adult male of all time hanged in America, and while at that place received hurts which terminated in his decease. The great-grandson of the Reformer flourished in 16 hundred and something, and was known in our annals as the old Admiral, though in history he had other rubrics. He was long in bid of fleets of Swift vass, good armed and manned, and did great service in travel rapidlying up bottoms. Vessels which he followed and kept his bird of Jove oculus on, ever made good just clip across the ocean. But if a ship still loitered in malice of all he could make, his outrage would turn till he could incorporate himself no longer and so he would take that ship place where he lived and maintain it at that place carefully, anticipating the proprietors to come for it, but they neer did. And he would seek to acquire the idling and sloth out of the crewmans of that ship by obliging them to take invigorating exercising and a bath. He called it walking a board. All the students liked it. At any rate, they neer found any mistake with it after seeking it. When the proprietors were late coming for their ships, the Admiral ever burned them, so that the insurance money should non be lost. At last this all right old pitch was cut down in the comprehensiveness of his old ages and awards. And to her deceasing twenty-four hours, his hapless heart-broken widow believed that if he had been cut down 15 proceedingss sooner he might hold been resuscitated. Charles Henry Twain lived during the latter portion of the 17th century, and was a avid and distinguished missionary. He converted 16 thousand South Sea island-dwellers, and taught them that a dog-tooth necklace and a brace of eyeglassess was non plenty vesture to come to divine service in. His hapless flock loved him really, really in a heartfelt way ; and when his funeral was over, they got up in a organic structure ( and came out of the eating house ) with cryings in their eyes, and stating, one to another, that he was a good stamp missionary, and they wished they had some more of him. Pah-go-to-wah-wah-pukketekeewis ( Mighty-Hunter-with-a-Hog-Eye-Twain ) adorned the center of the 18th century, and aided General Braddock with all his bosom to defy the oppressor Washington. It was this ascendant who fired 17 times at our Washington from behind a tree. So far the beautiful romantic narration in the moral story-books is right ; but when that narrative goes on to state that at the 17th unit of ammunition the awe-stricken barbarian said solemnly that that adult male was being reserved by the Great Spirit for some mighty mission, and he dared non raise his blasphemous rifle against him once more, the narrative earnestly impairs the unity of history. What he did state was: It ai nt no ( hic ) no usage. At adult male s so intoxicated he ca nt stan still long plenty for a adult male to hit him. I ( hic ) I ca nt ford to gull off any more amnition on him. That was why he stopped at the 17th unit of ammunition, and it was a good, field, prosaic ground, excessively, and one that easy commends itself to us by the eloquent, persuasive spirit of chance there is about it. I besides enjoyed the story-book narrative, but I felt a marring scruple that every Indian at Braddock s Defeat who fired at a soldier a twosome of times ( two easy grows to seventeen in a century ) , and missed him, jumped to the decision that the Great Spirit was reserving that soldier for some expansive mission ; and so I somehow feared that the lone ground why Washington s instance is remembered and the others forgotten is, that in his the prognostication came true, and in that of the others it did nt. There are non books plenty on Earth to incorporate the record of the prognostications Indians and other unauthorised parties have made ; but one may transport in his greatcoat pockets the record of all the prognostications that have been fulfilled. I will note here, in passing, that certain ascendants of mine are so exhaustively well-known in history by their assumed names, that I have non felt it to be deserving while to brood upon them, or even advert them in the order of their birth. Among these may be mentioned Richard Brinsley Twain, alias Guy Fawkes ; John Wentworth Twain, alias Sixteen-String Jack ; William Hogarth Twain, alias Jack Sheppard ; Ananias Twain, alias Baron Munchausen ; John George Twain, a.k.a. Captain Kydd ; and so there are George Francis Twain, Tom Pepper, Nebuchadnezzar, and Baalam s Ass they all belong to our household, but to a subdivision of it slightly clearly removed from the honest direct line in fact, a collateral subdivision, whose members chiefly differ from the ancient stock in that, in order to get the ill fame we have ever yearned and hungered for, they have got into a low manner of traveling to imprison alternatively of acquiring hanged. It is non good, when composing an autobiography, to follow your lineage down excessively close to your ain clip it is safest to talk merely mistily of your great-grandfather, and so skip from at that place to yourself, which I now do. I was born without dentitions and there Richard III. had the advantage of me ; but I was born without a kyphosis, likewise, and at that place I had the advantage of him. My parents were neither really hapless nor conspicuously honest. But now a idea occurs to me. My ain history would truly look so tame contrasted with that of my ascendants, that it is merely wisdom to go forth it unwritten until I am hanged. If some other lifes I have read had stopped with the lineage until a similar event occurred, it would hold been a felicitous thing for the reading populace. How does it strike you? A Child s Christmas in Wales by Dylan Thomas ( 1914-1953 ) Word Count: 3016 One Christmas was so much like another, in those old ages around the sea-town corner now and out of all sound except the distant speech production of the voices I sometimes hear a minute before slumber, that I can neer retrieve whether it snowed for six yearss and six darks when I was 12 or whether it snowed for 12 yearss and twelve darks when I was six. All the Christmases roll down toward the two-tongued sea, like a cold and hasty Moon roll uping down the sky that was our street ; and they stop at the rim of the ice-edged fish-freezing moving ridges, and I plunge my custodies in the snow and convey out whatever I can happen. In goes my manus into that wool-white bell-tongued ball of vacations resting at the rim of the carol-singing sea, and out come Mrs. Prothero and the firemen. It was on the afternoon of the Christmas Eve, and I was in Mrs. Prothero s garden, waiting for cats, with her boy Jim. It was snowing. It was ever snowing at Christmas. December, in my memory, is white as Lapland, though there were no caribous. But there were cats. Patient, cold and indurate, our custodies wrapped in socks, we waited to snowball the cats. Sleek and long as panthers and horrible-whiskered, ptyalizing and snaping, they would slink and sidle over the white back-garden walls, and the argus-eyed huntsmans, Jim and I, fur-capped and moccasined trappers from Hudson Bay, off Mumbles Road, would hurtle our deathly sweet sand verbenas at the viridity of their eyes. The wise cats neer appeared. We were so still, Eskimo-footed north-polar sharpshooters in the muffling silence of the ageless snows eternal, of all time since Wednesday that we neer heard Mrs. Prothero s first call from her iglu at the underside of the garden. Or, if we heard it at all, it was, to us, like the faraway challenge of our enemy and quarry, the neighbour s polar cat. But shortly the voice grew louder. Fire! cried Mrs. Prothero, and she beat the dinner-gong. And we ran down the garden, with the sweet sand verbenas in our weaponries, toward the house ; and smoke, so, was pouring out of the dining room, and the tam-tam was buzzing, and Mrs. Prothero was denoting ruin like a town weeper in Pompeii. This was better than all the cats in Wales standing on the wall in a row. We bounded into the house, loaded with sweet sand verbenas, and stopped at the unfastened door of the smoke-filled room. Something was firing wholly right ; possibly it was Mr. Prothero, who ever slept at that place after noon dinner with a newspaper over his face. But he was standing in the center of the room, stating, A all right Yule! and thwacking at the fume with a slipper. Name the fire brigade, cried Mrs. Prothero as she beat the tam-tam. There wo nt be at that place, said Mr. Prothero, it s Christmas. There was no fire to be seen, merely clouds of fume and Mr. Prothero standing in the center of them, beckoning his slipper as though he were carry oning. Do something, he said. And we threw all our sweet sand verbenas into the fume I think we missed Mr. Prothero and ran out of the house to the telephone box. Let s name the constabulary every bit good, Jim said. And the ambulance. And Ernie Jenkins, he likes fires. But we merely called the fire brigade, and shortly the fire engine came and three tall work forces in helmets brought a hosiery into the house and Mr. Prothero got out merely in clip before they turned it on. Cipher could hold had a noisy Christmas Eve. And when the firemen turned off the hosiery and were standing in the moisture, smoky room, Jim s Aunt, Miss. Prothero, came downstairs and peered in at them. Jim and I waited, really softly, to hear what she would state to them. She said the right thing, ever. She looked at the three tall firemen in their shining helmets, standing among the fume and clinkers and fade outing sweet sand verbenas, and she said, Would you like anything to read? Old ages and old ages ago, when I was a male child, when there were wolves in Wales, and birds the colour of red-flannel half-slips whisked past the harp-shaped hills, when we sang and wallowed all dark and twenty-four hours in caves that smelt like Sunday afternoons in moist forepart farmhouse parlours, and we chased, with the lower jaws of deacons, the English and the bears, before the motor auto, before the wheel, before the duchess-faced Equus caballus, when we rode the daft and happy hills bareback, it snowed and it snowed. But here a little male child says: It snowed last twelvemonth, excessively. I made a snowman and my brother knocked it down and I knocked my brother down and so we had tea. But that was non the same snow, I say. Our snow was non merely shaken from white wash pails down the sky, it came shawling out of the land and swam and drifted out of the weaponries and custodies and organic structures of the trees ; snow grew nightlong on the roofs of the houses like a pure and gramps moss, circumstantially ivied the walls and settled on the mailman, opening the gate, like a dumb, asleep thunder-storm of white, lacerate Christmas cards. Were there mailmans so, excessively? With scattering eyes and wind-cherried olfactory organs, on spread, frozen pess they crunched up to the doors and mittened on them manly. But all that the kids could hear was a tintinnabulation of bells. You mean that the postman went rat-tat and the doors rang? I mean that the bells the kids could hear were inside them. I merely hear boom sometimes, neer bells. There were church bells, excessively. Inside them? No, no, no, in the bat-black, snowy campaniles, tugged by bishops and storks. And they rang their newss over the bound town, over the frozen froth of the pulverization and ice-cream hills, over the crepitating sea. It seemed that all the churches boomed for joy under my window ; and the weathercocks crew for Christmas, on our fencing. Get back to the mailmans. They were merely ordinary mailmans, found of walking and Canis familiariss and Christmas and the snow. They knocked on the doors with bluish brass knuckss. . . . Ours has got a black knocker. . . . And so they stood on the white Welcome mat in the small, drifted porches and huffed and puffed, doing shades with their breath, and jogged from pes to pick like little male childs desiring to travel out. And so the nowadayss? And so the Presents, after the Christmas box. And the cold mailman, with a rose on his button-nose, tingled down the tea-tray-slithered tally of the chilly glinting hill. He went in his ice-bound boots like a adult male on fishwife s slabs. He wagged his bag like a frozen camel s bulge, giddily turned the corner on one pes, and, by God, he was gone. Get back to the Presents. There were the Useful Presents: steeping silencers of the old manager yearss, and mittens made for elephantine sloths ; zebra scarfs of a substance like satiny gum that could be tug-o-warred down to the arctics ; blinding tammies like hodgepodge tea cosies and bunny-suited bearskins and balaclavas for victims of head-shrinking folks ; from aunts who ever wore wool following to the tegument there were mustached and rasping waistcoats that made you inquire why the aunts had any skin left at all ; and one time I had a small crocheted nose bag from an aunt now, alas, no longer neighing with us. And pictureless books in which little male childs, though warned with citations non to, would skate on Farmer Giles pool and did and drowned ; and books that told me everything about the WASP, except why. Travel on the Useless Presents. Bags of moist and many-colored gelatin babes and a folded flag and a false olfactory organ and a tram-conductor s cap and a machine that punched tickets and peal a bell ; neer a slingshot ; one time, by error that no 1 could explicate, a small tomahawk ; and a synthetic duck that made, when you pressed it, a most unducklike sound, a mewing moo that an ambitious cat might do who wished to be a cow ; and a picture book in which I could do the grass, the trees, the sea and the animate beings any coloring material I pleased, and still the eye-popping azure sheep are croping in the ruddy field under the rainbow-billed and pea-green birds. Hardboileds, brittle, fudge and allsorts, crunches, cracknels, baloneies, glaciers, marchpane, and butterwelsh for the Welsh. And military personnels of bright Sn soldiers who, if they could non contend, could ever run. And Snakes-and-Families and Happy Ladders. And Easy Hobbi-Games for Little Engineers, complete with instructions. Oh, easy for Leonardo ! And a whistling to do the Canis familiariss bark to wake up the old adult male following door to do him crush on the wall with his stick to agitate our image off the wall. And a package of coffin nails: you put one in your oral cavity and you stood at the corner of the street and you waited for hours, in vain, for an old lady to call on the carpet you for smoking a coffin nail, and so with a smirk you ate it. And so it was breakfast under the balloons. Were there Uncles like in our house? There are ever Uncles at Christmas. The same Uncles. And on Christmas forenoon, with dog-disturbing whistling and sugar fairies, I would scour the swatched town for the intelligence of the small universe, and happen ever a dead bird by the Post Office or by the white abandoned swings ; possibly a redbreast, all but one of his fires out. Work force and adult females wading or lift outing back from chapel, with barroom olfactory organs and wind-bussed cheeks, all albinos, powwows their stiff black clashing plumes against the irreligious snow. Mistletoe hung from the gas brackets in all the front parlours ; there was sherry and walnuts and bottled beer and crackers by the dessertspoons ; and cats in their fur-abouts watched the fires ; and the high-heaped fire bicker, all ready for the chestnuts and the mulling fire hooks. Some few big work forces sat in the forepart parlours, without their neckbands, Uncles about surely, seeking their new cigars, keeping them out judiciously at weapon ries length, returning them to their oral cavities, coughing, so keeping them out once more as though waiting for the detonation ; and some few little aunts, non wanted in the kitchen, nor anyplace else for that affair, sat on the really border of their chairs, poised and brickle, afraid to interrupt, like faded cups and disks. Not many those forenoons trod the stacking streets: an old adult male ever, fawn-bowlered, yellow-gloved and, at this clip of twelvemonth, with bickers of snow, would take his constitutional to the white bowling viridity and back, as he would take it wet or fire on Christmas Day or Doomsday ; sometimes two whole immature work forces, with large pipes blazing, no greatcoats and weave blown scarfs, would slog, unspeaking, down to the forlorn sea, to work up an appetency, to blow away the exhausts, who knows, to walk into the moving ridges until nil of them was left but the two roll uping smoke clouds of their inextinguishable sweetbriers. Then I would be slap-dashing place, the gravy odor of the dinners of others, the bird odor, the brandy, the pudding and mince, gyrating up to my anterior nariss, when out of a snow-clogged side lane would come a male child the tongue of myself, with a pink-tipped coffin nail and the violet yesteryear of a black oculus, cocky as a Bullfinch, leering al l to himself. I hated him on sight and sound, and would be about to set my Canis familiaris whistling to my lips and blow him off the face of Christmas when all of a sudden he, with a violet blink of an eye, put his whistling to his lips and blew so stridently, so high, so finely loud, that bolting faces, their cheeks bulged with goose, would press against their tinsled Windowss, the whole length of the white echoing street. For dinner we had Meleagris gallopavo and blazing pudding, and after dinner the Uncles sat in forepart of the fire, loosened all buttons, put their big moist custodies over their ticker ironss, groaned a small and slept. Mothers, aunts and sisters scuttled to and fro, bearing tureens. Auntie Bessie, who had already been frightened, twice, by a clock-work mouse, whimpered at the sideboard and had some elderberry vino. The Canis familiaris was ill. Auntie Dosie had to hold three acetylsalicylic acids, but Auntie Hannah, who liked port, stood in the center of the snowbound back y ard, singing like a big-bosomed thrush. I would blow up balloons to see how large they would blow up to ; and, when they burst, which they all did, the Uncles jumped and rumbled. In the rich and heavy afternoon, the Uncles external respiration like mahimahis and the snow descending, I would sit among festoons and Chinese lanterns and nibble day of the months and seek to do a theoretical account man-o-war, following the Instructions for Little Engineers, and bring forth what might be mistaken for a sea-going tramcar. Or I would travel out, my bright new boots whining, into the white universe, on to the seaward hill, to name on Jim and Dan and Jack and to embroider through the still streets, go forthing immense footmarks on the concealed pavings. I bet people will believe there s been hippos. What would you make if you saw a Hippo coming down our street? I d travel like this, knock! I d throw him over the railings and axial rotation him down the hill and so I d titillate him under the ear and he d wag his tail. What would you make if you saw two Hippo? Iron-flanked and bawling he-hippos clanked and battered through the scudding snow toward us as we passed Mr. Daniel s house. Let s post Mr. Daniel a snow-ball through his missive box. Let s write things in the snow. Let s write, Mr. Daniel looks like a spaniel all over his lawn. Or we walked on the white shore. Can the fishes see it s snowing? The soundless one-clouded celestial spheres drifted on to the sea. Now we were snow-blind travellers lost on the north hills, and huge dewlapped Canis familiariss, with flasks round their cervixs, ambled and shambled up to us, baying Excelsior. We returned home through the hapless streets where merely a few kids fumbled with bare ruddy fingers in the wheel-rutted snow and cat-called after us, their voices melting off, as we trudged acclivitous, into the calls of the dock birds and the hooting of ships out in the gyration bay. And so, at tea the cured Uncles would be reasonably ; and the ice bar loomed in the centre of the tabular array like a marble grave. Auntie Hannah laced her tea with rum, because it was merely one time a twelvemonth. Bringing out the tall narratives now that we told by the fire as the gaslight bubbled like a frogman. Ghosts whooed like bird of Minerva in the long darks when I dared non expression over my shoulder ; animate beings lurked in the pigeonhole under the stepss and the gas metre ticked. And I remember that we went singing carols one time, when there was nt the shave of a Moon to illume the winging streets. At the terminal of a long route was a thrust that led to a big house, and we stumbled up the darkness of the thrust that dark, each one of us afraid, each one keeping a rock in his manus in instance, and all of us excessively brave to state a word. The air current through the trees made noises as of old and unpleasant and possibly webfooted work forces wheezing in caves. We reached the black majority of the house. What shall we give them? Hark the Herald? No, Jack said, Good King Wencelas. I ll number three. One, two three, and we began to sing, our voices high and apparently distant in the snow-felted darkness round the house that was occupied by cipher we knew. We stood close together, near the dark door. Good King Wencelas looked out On the Feast of Stephen. . . And so a little, dry voice, like the voice of person who has non spoken for a long clip, joined our vocalizing: a little, dry, eggshell voice from the other side of the door: a little dry voice through the keyhole. And when we stopped running we were outdoors our house ; the forepart room was lovely ; balloons floated under the hot-water-bottle-gulping gas ; everything was good once more and shone over the town. Possibly it was a shade, Jim said. Possibly it was trolls, Dan said, who was ever reading. Let s travel in and see if there s any jelly left, Jack said. And we did that. Always on Christmas dark at that place was music. An uncle played the violin, a cousin American ginseng Cherry Ripe, and another uncle American ginseng Drake s Drum. It was really warm in the small house. Auntie Hannah, who had got on to the parsnip vino, sang a vocal about Bleeding Hearts and Death, and so another in which she said her bosom was like a Bird s Nest ; and so everybody laughed once more ; and so I went to bed. Looking through my sleeping room window, out into the moonshine and the ageless smoke-colored snow, I could see the visible radiations in the Windowss of all the other houses on our hill and hear the music lifting from them up the long, steady falling dark. I turned the gas down, I got into bed. I said some words to the stopping point and sanctum darkness, and so I slept.